Since our first work with Jam Cruise in 2006, Rock the Earth has had a unique opportunity to view, first-hand, the deleterious impact that cruise ships have on our oceans, our air quality, coastal communities and aquatic ecosystems. Since that time, we have formally called on the EPA to create more stringent discharge permits for cruise ships, and have conducted outreach to all genres of music cruises -and the performers on those cruises- urging them to use their power to demand for more controls to reign in cruise ship practices that result in widespread and systemic pollution. We have also consulted with two different music cruise promoters on vetting the environmental practices of their cruise line partners. Most importantly, we have urged concert patrons to consider the environmental repercussions of selecting a cruise as their next vacation choice.

 

In the end, cruises are here to stay, so we have encouraged promoters and patrons alike to do their own research into which cruise lines make efforts to operate as sustainably as possible. Most recently, as we reported in the May edition of Rock the Earth Notes, we have been acting as a consultant to Cloud 9, producers of Jam Cruise and Holy Ship! with regard to their utilization of MSC Cruises, an “F” rated cruise line by Friends of the Earth, as their charter cruise line company.

 

Last month, Friends of the Earth released their 2016 Cruise Ship Report Card, documenting the environmental footprint of the cruise industry and grading 17 cruise lines and their 171 ships. The report card, last released in 2014, shows an ongoing lack of initiative by cruise companies to install technologies that reduce their air and water pollution impact on travel destinations and local peoples.

Disney Cruise Lines was the sole cruise line this year to earn an “A” for transparency by responding to information requests. Every other line, like the year before, refused to confirm its current environmental technologies, resulting in failing grades for transparency.

 

“Despite its PR blitz regarding installation of new pollution reduction technology, the cruise industry continues to get an “F” for transparency, and many are failing when it comes to air or water pollution or both,” said Marcie Keever, oceans and vessels program director for Friends of the Earth. “Even with the new cleaner fuel rules in North America resulting in the installation of scrubbers on many cruise ships, the industry continues its greenwashing to try and hide its dirty practices from the public.”

 

Friends of the Earth’s report card grades cruise lines on four criteria:

  • sewage treatment technology;
  • air pollution reduction (whether ships have installed shoreside power or scrubbers and if they use cleaner fuel than required by U.S. and international law);
  • compliance with Alaska’s water quality regulations to protect the state’s coastal waters; and
  • transparency.

 

Cruise ships are responsible for significant amounts of air pollution from the dirty fuel they burn. Even at the dock, cruise ships often run dirty diesel engines to provide electrical power to passengers and crew. According to the EPA, each day an average cruise ship is at sea it emits more sulfur dioxide than 13 million cars and more soot than 1 million cars.

 

In 2015, cleaner fuel standards for large ships in the U.S. and Canada were implemented. But rather than use cleaner fuel, many cruise ships have installed scrubber technology which “scrubs” the sulfur from ship smokestacks, to come into compliance with the new North American standards.

 

Even with this new technology, the cruise industry lags behind land-based transportation standards and has yet to install critical, health-protective technologies like diesel particulate filters. To contrast, international ship emission rules allow fuel with up to 3.5% sulfur (35,000 parts per million), while the Emission Control Area rules limit sulfur to 0.1% (1,000 parts per million), and on-road diesel truck fuel is limited to 15 parts per million sulfur.

 

The Environmental Protection Agency says an average cruise ship with 3,000 passengers and crew produces about 21,000 gallons of sewage a day, enough to fill 10 backyard swimming pools in a week. That adds up to more than 1 billion gallons a year for the industry- a conservative estimate, since some new ships carry as many as 8,800 passengers and crew. In addition, each ship generates and dumps about eight times that much “graywater” from sinks, showers and baths, which can contain many of the same pollutants as sewage and significantly affects water quality.

 

Friends of the Earth’s grades for sewage treatment highlight the gaps between cruise ships that have adopted the most advanced sewage treatment systems and those that still use 35-year-old technology. In addition to calling for an upgrade to the almost 40 percent of cruise ships that use this old technology, Friends of the Earth continues to push the Environmental Protection Agency to update the ship sewage treatment standards under the Clean Water Act to bring these polluting ships into the 21st century.

 

Keever says: “With the Northwest Passage now open in the summer due to climate change, the cruise industry’s expanding itineraries will bring increasingly damaging pollution to even more sensitive areas like the Arctic. It’s way past time to set a higher bar for this dirty industry.”

 

To see report cards from past years and to learn more about the effects of cruise ship pollution on our marine and coastal environments, visit http://www.foe.org/cruise-report-card.